| 書名： | 唐代禮典的編纂與傳承─以《大唐開元禮》為中心 |
|---|---|
| 作者： | 張文昌 |
| 提要 | 本書之論旨，乃在透過考察漢唐間國家「禮典」的編纂與禮儀的傳承，藉以探討「禮」與「禮典」在國家所扮演的角色與功能，以及「禮典」在中國禮學與歷史上的地位。中國現存最早的國家禮典，是在唐玄宗開元二十年由蕭嵩所領銜編修之《大唐開元禮》，本書便是以《大唐開元禮》為中心而展開討論。 相應於封建時代的古典中國，以皇帝為權力頂端的郡縣制國家，是傳統中國最重要的國家性格。「禮」在封建國家中，原本是貴族的權力來源與身分象徵；但在郡縣國家中，國家最高的權力來自於皇帝，官僚是依附皇帝的權力而存在，皇權掌控了「禮」的建構權與解釋權。國家禮典的編纂，最重要之目的在象徵皇權與國家的禮儀權威。 禮典的建構過程，則是由漢代開始，至西晉完成第一部五禮兼備的國家禮典《新禮》，直到隋代《開皇禮》才真正確立國家禮典的建制。唐代亦承襲隋代修纂國家禮典的政策，經過「貞觀」、「顯慶」二禮的過渡，終於在國力達到頂峰的玄宗開元年間，完成了中國禮典傳統最具代表性的國家禮典《大唐開元禮》。但之後旋即遭逢安史之亂，唐室在亂平後已無力再行編纂禮典。其間雖有「開元禮舉」的設立，並修撰補充《開元禮》之禮書，但終未能恢復《開元禮》所象徵之盛世。 《開元禮》地位的重要性，不僅是唐代國家禮典的代表，它還是一部彙集中國公家禮制發展的禮學結晶。除了對後世與鄰邦的禮儀典制產生影響外，《開元禮》應合當代現實的需求，與藉由律令達到懲治違禮者之功能，更是中國禮典傳統最重要的特色。 |
| 目錄 | 目 次 第一章 緒 論······································································································· 1
第一節 課題的提出···························································································· 1
第二節 研究史的回顧與檢討············································································· 6
第三節 本書之章節安排與探討主題·································································· 9
第二章 禮學的內涵與禮典的成立········································································ 11
第一節 「禮」的內涵及其意義········································································ 11
一、禮的起源·································································································· 12
二、周「禮」·································································································· 21
三、先秦儒家論禮·························································································· 25
第二節 「三禮」的編纂及其對後世禮典的影響·············································· 34
一、「禮」的文獻化──「三禮」之編纂及其爭議··········································· 35
二、「三禮」對後世禮典之影響──兼論禮典的性質與功用···························· 45
第三節 小 結·································································································· 52
第三章 漢唐間禮典的編纂與流傳──以《大唐開元禮》為中心·························· 55
第一節 唐代以前禮典的編纂············································································ 55
一、漢代的禮典······························································································ 56
二、魏晉與南朝的禮典··················································································· 60
三、北朝的禮典······························································································ 65
四、隋代的禮典······························································································ 68
第二節 唐代前期的禮典··················································································· 70
一、《貞觀禮》································································································ 70
二、《顯慶禮》································································································ 72
第三節 《大唐開元禮》的編纂········································································ 78
一、修纂《大唐開元禮》的時代背景···························································· 78
二、《大唐開元禮》的編修············································································· 88
第四節 《大唐開元禮》的流傳與版本····························································· 98
一、《大唐開元禮》的流傳············································································· 98
二、《大唐開元禮》現存的版本···································································· 102
第五節 小 結································································································ 106
第四章 《大唐開元禮》的內容探析·································································· 109
第一節 《大唐開元禮》的內容編排······························································· 109
第二節 禮典與國家權力的尊隆······································································ 122
第三節 緣情入禮····························································································· 127
一、嫂叔服···································································································· 132
二、子為母服································································································ 133
三、父卒母嫁為母服····················································································· 133
第四節 小 結···································································································· 134
第五章 《大唐開元禮》的影響·········································································· 137
第一節 《大唐開元禮》對貢舉的影響──「開元禮舉」的產生····················· 137
第二節 《大唐開元禮》對後代禮典的影響··················································· 149
一、對後世禮典的影響················································································· 149
二、《開元禮‧五服制度》對後世喪服的影響················································ 152
第三節 《大唐開元禮》對鄰邦的影響··························································· 154
第四節 小 結································································································ 157
第六章 結 論···································································································· 159
參考書目··············································································································· 161
後 記··················································································································· 187 |
